Troubleshooting Framebuffer Issues

Here are some solutions if this line is in the logs:

(EE) Cannot run in framebuffer mode. Please specify busIDs for all framebuffer devices

Raspberry Pi

This has been known to happen on RaspberryOS Bookworm Lite on Pi5.

Later versions of the OS fixed the issue.

sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-v3d.conf

Paste this into the file:

Section "OutputClass"
  Identifier "vc4"
  MatchDriver "vc4"
  Driver "modesetting"
  Option "PrimaryGPU" "true"
EndSection

Reboot.

Generic

This will heavily vary with different hardware. Find the correct busID and create a config like:

sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-busid.conf

Paste this into the file:

Section "Device"
    Identifier "Card0"
    Driver "fbdev"
    BusID "pci:1:0:0"
EndSection

Where the busID in this example is the first pci card. You will have to find the identifier and id of the video output device using tools like:

lspci

Or sometimes with:

lshw

If you find a solution not listed here, please consider contributing with the information.